Example 1:

# Operator and operand example
minute = 50
result = minute/2
print(result)

# output
25

Detailed Explanation:

• Here variable minute and 2 is operands and ‘/’ is the operator.
• We have initialized variable minute with the value 50. so wherever we will put variable minute, it will act as 50.
• The result variable will store the value 25 after the operation ‘minute/2’ hence, the output is returned.

Example 2:

# Example on Priority of Operators
print(2**1+1)
print(3*1**3)
# output
3
3

Example 1: Arithmetic Operators in Python

a = 20
b = 10

# Addition
print("Addition of a and b is: ",a+b)

# Subtraction
print("Subtraction of a and b is: ",a-b)

# Multiplication
print("Multiplication of a and b is: ",a*b)

# Division
print("Division of a and b is: ",a/b)

# Modulus ( Modulus returns remainder after divison )
print("Modulus of a and b is: ",a%b)

# Exponentiation
print("Exponentiation of a and b is: ",a**b)

# Floor Devision ( it skips the value of answer after decimal )
print("Floor Division of a and b is: ",a//b)

# output
# Addition of a and b is: 30
# Subtraction of a and b is: 10
# Multiplication of a and b is: 200
# Division of a and b is: 2.0
# Modulus of a and b is: 0
# Exponentiation is: 1024000
# Floor Division of a and b is: 2

Explanation:

• Addition: It is used to add two or more values same as that in mathematics.
• Subtraction: It is used to subtract two values same as that in mathematics.
• Multiplication: It is used to multiply or product two or more values same as that follows in mathematics.
• Division: The purpose of using division is also the same as that rule follows in mathematics. It returns the quotient after division.
• Modulus: This is new concerning the name. This operator is the same as that of division but returns the remainder as a result after division.
• Exponentiation: The exponent (**) operator in Python is used to raise the number on the left to the power of the exponent of the right. Let’s assume the above-given exponentiation example ie. 2**3, it means 2³ (2x2x2) that results in 8.
• Floor division: Floor division is the same as that of the normal division as it also returns a quotient but terminates or remove the digits after the decimal. Suppose if we perform division operation 5/3 then the answer is 1.67. But in terms of floor division, the value after the decimal is removed ie. the answer is 1.

Example 1

a = 20
print("value of a is: ", a)
# output
# value of a is: 20

a = a - 10
print("value of a is: ", a)
# output
# value of a is: 10

a = a * 10
print("value of a is: ", a)
# output
# value of a is: 100

Explanation:

• In the first operation, we have just assigned value 20 to variable a.
• In the second operation, we subtracted value 10 from variable a. Hence 10 is the output.
• Note: Each time the operation is performed on the variable ‘a’ it is getting updated. Now the value of a is 10, not 20. So, if we will perform any operation on a. It is to be performed by assuming the latest value of a that is 10.
• In the last operation, we multiplied variable ‘a’ with 10. The value of ‘a’ before was 10 so after multiplied by 10 it became 100. Hence the output 100 is printed.

Example 1

>>> a = 10
>>> b = 20
>>> a == b
False
>>> b = 10
>>> a == b
True

Explanation:

• We assigned 10 and 20  as value to variable a and b respectively.
• Next, we implemented the use of == (comparison operator) that checks the value of both variables is equal or not.
• The value of a differs from b. Hence the result obtained is False
• Now in the next step, we override the value of b with 10. Now the value of b is updated to 10 and the value of a is already 10.
• We repeated the operation. And now this time the result is True

Example 1:

a = False
b = True

print(a and b)
print(a or b)
print(not b)

# output
# False
# True
# False

Explanation:

• Note: Logical operators follows the basic concept of Logic gates.
• and logical operator is used to check between values. It may be two or more than two. Minimum two values or condition is required to implement and logical operation. and operator returns True only if all the condition is True else, it returns false. I know it is confusing let me show you with the help of one more example.

  >>> 5 > 4 and 6 > 5
  True
  >>> 5 > 4 and 5 == 5 and 3 < 6
  True
  >>> 5 < 4 and 5 == 5 and 3 < 6
  False

• or logical operator is also used to check between values or conditions. It may be two or more than two. Here also a minimum of two value or conditions is required for implementation. or logical operator returns True if any of the condition returns True. Please refer to the below example for a better understanding.

  >>> 5 > 4 or 5 > 4
  True
  >>> 3 < 2 or 1 > 2
  False
  >>> 4 == 4 or 1 > 2 or 1 == 0
  True

• not logical operator reverses the actual value or conditions i.e. if we use not logic operator on True condition or value it will convert it to False. example below:

  >>> not True
  False
  >>> not False
  True

Example 1:

a = "PythonLobby"
b = "PythonLobby"
print(a is b)

# memory location
print("\n",id(a))
print(id(b))

# output
# True

# 56086304
# 56086304

Explanation:

• Here we have just assigned the same values to variable a and b. And then used the identity operator to check the condition. But here identity operator is not checking the equal values. It checks for the object of the variable at the same memory location although their values are same. You can also see that the memory location of a and b is same.

Example 2:

a = [1,2,3,4,5]
b = [1,2,3,4,5]
print(a is b)

# memory alocation
print("\n",id(a))
print(id(b))
# output
# False

# 55964200
# 10543240

Explanation:

• List in Python always allocated to different memory locations. Variable a and b holding the values of a list type. Hence output displayed is False. Because the memory location of a and b is different.
• You can see, the memory location of variable a and b in the above example 2.
• is not is the vice versa of is identity operator.

  >>> a = "PythonLobby"
  >>> b = "PythonLobby"
  >>> a is not b
  False
  
  >>> c = [1,2,3,4,5]
  >>> d = [1,2,3,4,5]
  >>> c is not d
  True

Example 1:

a = 'Hello Python Programmer'
b = [2,3,4,5]

print('P' in a)
# Output: True

print('pro' not in a)
# Output: True

print(6 in b)
# Output: False

print('a' in b)
# Output: False

Explanation:

• Membership operators are used to check whether the value or sequence exists in the object or not.
• Here we have initialized two variables a and b with string values and list type values respectively.
• In the first step, we checked whether the letter P exists in the string or not. As we can see, the letter P exists in the string hence result returned is True.
• In the second step, we checked that the word pro should not exist in the string i.e true hence the result returned is True. (Pro and pro is not identical i.e. case sensitive).
• Next, we checked for whether the number 6 exists in the list or not. The number 6 does not exist in the list hence the result returned is False.
• At final, letter a also not exist in the list so the result again is False.